Does clear water mean clean water?

The results of our first sampling operation are in!  While we were out sampling, we were trying to predict which streams would have more contamination.  It was very interesting to see the results.  I'm wondering what will happen to the bacterial counts when the waters get warmer this summer.   Also, depending on rainfall this summer, I am wondering if we will see more contamination as the water supply gets lower, thus causing more animals to congregate in one location for their source of water. 

Although the Prince William Soil and Water Conservation District has only asked us to test for fecal bacteria, Shannyn, Eden, and I are too interested to stop there.  So, for the purpose of gaining more knowledge while I am in this practicum, we are also taking note of how polluted the stream is (one site had a soccer ball, baseball, various school supplies, many soda cans and water bottles, etc.), and how much algae is growing in the stream.  I am very excited to take a class on macroinvertebrate identification.  There are many creatures living in streams, and some of them are very sensitive to pollution.  By looking at the number of each species we find in the stream, we can get a good sense of how impaired the stream is, based on each critter's tolerance level.

Here are some more pictures of our stream water testing adventures!

I should have brought a chain saw!  But, I got the sample...and am still checking for ticks!

Clearly, some people don't take water quality monitoring as seriously as we do (see the bullet holes in the picture above?), but there's always room for a little goofing around!  The last picture is my favorite, showing a soon-to-be first grader how we test for "germs" in the water.

Our first glimpse into the murky waters...

Our first water samples were ready to be counted today.  There were lots of bacterial colonies, but not too much of the bad stuff (fecal bacteria).  I can't wait for tomorrow when the rest of the samples will be ready to count!

When we were sampling at this site (Location #3B), we were approached by some gentlemen working for VDOT.  They said they have been working to pull tons of debris out of the stream, which was clearly hindering the flow.  On one side of the bridge, the water wasn't deep enough for us to dip the bucket into, but on the other side the water was fairly deep, sluggish, and was covered in an oily sheen.  The dark blue/purple dots (3 of them) are the fecal coliforms.

Prince William County Stream Water Sampling May 2010

As part of the requirements to finish my Master's in Public Health, I am doing two internships dealing with my favorite subject: Water!  The first internship is in progress, as of yesterday, and has me traversing Prince William County with Shannyn Snyder and her daughter, Eden, to collect samples of stream water.  The testing locations were selected by the Prince William Soil and Water Conservation District in response to the 2008 assessment of Virginia waterways, which found that of the 15, 873 miles of waterways assessed, 66% of them were impaired.  This assessment identified a big problem for Prince William County, in which 100% of the waterways are impaired.

In order to comply with regulations set in the Clean Water Act, permissible levels of contaminants must be established for these impaired waters.  Our project is to assess the level of fecal contamination in select streams in the county.  We are testing 12 sites on a monthly basis, starting with our first sampling this week (May 11-12, 2010).

Collecting the samples has been a fun experience, and has allowed me to escape the basement office at my paying job for a few days.  Some of the streams are easily accessible from the road, but others are further back and require a little hiking.   At one site, there wasn't enough water at the location right under the bridge for us to collect a sample using our bucket-on-a-rope method, so I had to brave poison ivy, wild vines, and slippery grass to get down to the stream.  Once all samples were collected, we returned to our base and inoculated the Coliscan gel, poured the inoculated gel into sterile petri dishes, and set them in an incubator for 24 hours.

Waiting for results...stay tuned!

My research partner, Eden, showing us the water from an adopted stream behind a school: